SkyPirl Blockchain
  • SkyPirl (Pirl)
    • Docs.Pirl.io
    • About SkyPirl (Pirl)
    • Mission
    • Create SkyPirl 2.0 wallet
    • Restore wallet with secret 12 phrase
    • How to be a Nominator
    • SkyPirl coin specifications
    • Run a validator
    • How to unbound fund
    • How payout works
    • How to vote for Council
    • How to set identity
    • SLASHES
    • Refund of slashed
    • COIN SPECIFICATION
    • Governance and Treasury
    • Telemetry
    • List of wallet addresses not working
    • Spend from the treasury and Burn
    • Mint coins and transfer coins to the treasury
      • Treasury2
    • Burn2
    • Source Code
    • List of wallets holding coins of burned wallets with PIRL balance at block 3939000
  • About SkyPirl (Pirl)
  • Mission
  • PIRLmeet.com
    • About PIRLmeet.com
    • Free Trial
    • CINEMA
    • Microphone On-Off
    • Screen Sharing
      • Share—or don't share your audio
      • Video recording tutorial + camera + mp4 video download
    • Hands Up
    • Change the ringtone when giving a raise of hand
    • Stream MP4 videos
    • Stream mp4 video on Firefox browser
    • Cabinet Lock
      • Cabinet Lock account
      • Normal-Demo
      • How can I cabinet lock and keep strangers from entering the room?
      • How can I add people to the room when the room is locked?
    • Text chat
      • Room chat
      • Cabinetlock Chat
      • private chat per video
    • Connect Pirl wallet to Room-House
    • Change cover photo
    • Video title name
    • Setting up you own Room-House
    • How to download videos on youtube, Facebook and convert to mp4 files
    • Use camera beautification App when livestream
    • PIRLmeet can create meetings that last 24/7 and 365 days a year.
    • How does PIRLmeet secure products?
    • Get Pirl coin when playing videos on Room-house
    • Picture
    • OBS Studio
      • Download
      • Screen sharing and front camera
      • Stream video from R-H to Youtube
      • Stream games
      • Stream Video and Record Video and download videos
      • Good quality video settings
      • Edit the frame and choose the recording frame
    • Source Code
  • Game
    • Room-House.com and games
    • Slot Machine
      • Connect the slot machine to the SkyPirl Light Wallet.
      • Connect Room-House.com to the slot machine
  • SkyPirl Light Wallet
  • PIRL Decentralized Charity Foundation
  • SkyPirl Community
  • Apps for Android and IOS (PWA)
    • Android
    • Iphone (IOS)
    • Computer-Windows-PC
  • Business Paradigm R-H
    • Use SkyPirl coin to pay in Room-House.com
  • Roadmap
  • Core Team
  • xTer . Technology
    • About xTER SafeContainer
    • xTer Ecosystem
    • xTer SkyPirl
    • xTer Room-House
      • How to Room-House
    • xTer Room-House Plus
      • How to xTer room-House plus
    • xTer TrueAD
    • xTer SmartFilter
  • White Paper
  • Blog
    • News
      • ------What is Web 1.0, 2.0, 3.0?------
      • The world's first decentralized audio chat room Room-House
      • What's so special about decentralized audio chat rooms?
      • Features that make Room-House.com decentralized chat rooms competitive with giants
      • Ever heard of Decentralized Charity Fund?
      • What is online meeting? 4 most effective online conferencing solutions
      • What is online meeting? Is it easy or difficult to organize?
      • What is the standard of a professional online meeting room?
      • History of the world's first online meeting software
      • Decentralized Application Room-House.com (Daap)
      • In what year was the internet born? And the birth of the project SkyPirl
      • Cooperation between Room-House and Russian State Social University
      • Building SkyPirl Decentralized Internet in Space
      • Data collection is a huge industry that operates in the dark
      • Free and easy decentralized internet for everyone to use
      • What is Pirl (PIRL) ? Community Based Project Pioneering in Introducing Masternode Technology
      • PirlGuard — Innovative Solution against 51% Attacks
      • ETC and PirlGuard Cybersecurity Plan
      • PirlChat messenger release
      • Overview of PirlChat 0.5.1–0.6 Beta Versions
      • Decentralized blockchain messengers
      • PirlChat messenger version 1.0.4 released
      • What is Pirl 2.0 and what changes will come to the Pirl network
      • The Pirl project announced the launch of its own exchange
      • PIRL’s Content Masternodes Are Almost Out: What You Need to Know
      • PIRL Masternodes and DApps Overview
      • PIRL Decentralized Charity Foundation - SkyPirl
      • Thanks to PirlGuard, Callisto is protected against 51% attacks
      • What is SkyPirl(PIRL) project?
      • Here is the sci-fi story of the decentralized social network PIRL:
      • What is Callisto-Pirl.com project?
      • Here is the legend of the multi-planetary decentralized internet space station PIRL:
      • PIRL decentralized social network has the following key differences:
      • The SM feature of the decentralized social network PIRL seems to be an interesting secret.
      • SkyPirl(PIRL) is designed to attract investors with attractive features:
      • SkyPirl project does not sell ICO (Initial Coin Offering) or not raise funds for the following reaso
      • Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year! SkyPirl Callisto-Pirl.com
      • SkyPirl Project Merry Christmas Story:
      • Happy New Year! SkyPirl Callisto-Pirl.com
      • Here's the story of the SkyPirl Mars Exploration Project:
      • Multiplanetary Billionaire
      • Lost in space
      • The Last Space Train
      • The future of society: Polarization of rich and poor in the 4.0 revolution
      • Callisto-Pirl.com Civil War
      • Callisto-Pirl.com Civil War 2
      • Callisto-Pirl.com Civil War 3
      • Callisto-Pirl.com Civil War 4
      • Callisto-Pirl.com Civil War 5
      • Callisto-Pirl.com Civil War 6
      • Callisto-Pirl.com Civil War 7
      • Callisto-Pirl.com Civil War 8
      • Callisto-Pirl.com Civil War 9
      • Callisto-Pirl.com Civil War 10
      • Callisto-Pirl.com Civil War 11
      • Callisto-Pirl.com Civil War 12
      • Page 6
      • Page 5
      • Page 4
      • Page 3
      • Page 2
      • Page 1
      • Page
    • Technical
      • What is Bitcoin? How are Bitcoins created?
      • Export Your Private Key from Third-Party Wallets
      • What Is a Stablecoin?
      • What Is Wrapped Bitcoin?
      • 7 Ways to Generate Passive Income With Crypto
      • What is a decentralized social network?
      • How many Bitcoins can be mined in a day?
      • How many Bitcoins are there in the world?
      • What is a decentralized exchange? different from centralized floor?
      • What is Staking? 5 things to note when investing in Staking
      • What Are Blockchain Bridges?
      • Compare Hot Wallet and Cold Wallet, which one should you use?
      • What is NFT?
      • Building a Decentralized Internet in Space
      • Web 3.0 Paradox
      • Controversy about the future of the Internet
      • The metaverse virtual universe could revolutionize the Internet
      • 'Blockchain is the most influential technology since the Internet'
      • Web3 - Expectations for the Decentralized Internet
      • What is Dapp? The concept of Dapp and their classification
      • How Decentralized Web Browsers Give You Unsurpassed Privacy
      • Is Web 3.0 being hyped?
      • What are Nodes? Types of Nodes in Blockchain
      • Blockchain can be hacked or not?
      • What is Private Key and Public Key in Bitcoin?
      • What is a Nonce in Blockchain?
      • What is Decentralized Autonomous Cooperative (DAC)?
      • What is Genesis Block?
      • What is Web3? Explaining the Decentralized Internet of the Future
      • Z-Consensus CLO
      • DEX223 Explanation
      • CLOIP
        • CLOIP-1
        • CLOIP-2
        • CLOIP-3
        • CLOIP-4
      • Skuld Hard Fork: Transforming Callisto Network with Dynamic Monetary Policy
      • Dex223 ICO
      • CoinSavi là gì?
      • SLOFI Token
    • Pi NetWork
      • Pi NetWork ( English )
        • Pi Network (PI) Mining Step by Step Guide
        • How to Create a Pi Wallet
        • How to KYC Pi Network 100% Success (2023)
        • Pi Network Security Circle: How to Add Users to Security Circle?
        • How to Migrate Your Mining Pi Coin to Mainnet in 8 Steps (See Video)
        • Why Pi Network can become the most active existence of mobile smart cryptocurrency?
        • FAQ? (FAQ)
      • Pi NetWork ( Tiếng Việt)
        • Pi NetWork là gì?
        • Cách KYC Pi Network 100% thành công (2023)
        • Vòng tròn bảo mật là gì?
        • Hướng dẫn tạo ví Pi Network
        • Cách Đào Pi Trên Điện Thoại
        • Cài đặt tên như thế nào là đúng trong Pi Network
        • Bạn cần xác nhận ngay VÍ PI THẬT để chuẩn bị chuyển SỐ PI XỊN vào ví pi sau khi hoàn thành KYC.
        • Hướng dẫn cách rút chuyển Pi về Ví Mainnet
        • Cách tăng tốc độ Đào Pi Network
        • Tại sao Pi Network có thể trở thành sự tồn tại tích cực nhất của tiền điện tử thông minh di động?
        • Hỏi đáp (FAQ)
    • Việt Nam
      • Pirl (PIRL) Là Gì ? Dự Án Dựa Trên Cộng Đồng Đi Tiên Phong Trong Việc Giới Thiệu Công Nghệ Masternod
      • Giới thiệu về SkyPirl (Pirl)
      • Sứ Mệnh Pirl2.0
      • Phần mềm Room-House.com là gì
      • Giới thiệu về Room-House.com
      • Room-House có thể tạo các cuộc họp kéo dài 24/7 và 365 ngày một năm.
      • Room-House.com bảo mật sản phẩm như thế nào?
      • Giới thiệu về xTER SafeContainer
      • Kế hoạch an ninh mạng của ETC và PirlGuard
      • Quỹ từ thiện phi tập trung Pirl
      • Phát hành trình nhắn tin PirlChat
      • Tổng quan về các phiên bản Beta của PirlChat 0.5.1–0.6
      • Trình nhắn tin chuỗi khối phi tập trung
      • PirlChat messenger phiên bản 1.0.4 được phát hành
      • Pirl 2.0 là gì và những thay đổi nào sẽ đến với mạng Pirl
      • Dự án Pirl đã công bố ra mắt sàn giao dịch của riêng mình
      • Masternode nội dung của PIRL sắp hết: Những điều bạn cần biết
      • Tổng quan về PIRL Masternodes và DApps
      • Xây dựng Internet phi tập trung SkyPirl trong không gian
      • Nhờ PirlGuard, Callisto được bảo vệ chống lại các cuộc tấn công 51%
    • Russia
      • ------Что такое Web 1.0, 2.0, 3.0?------
      • Первый в мире децентрализованный аудиочат Room-House
      • Что такого особенного в децентрализованных аудиочатах?
      • Функции, которые делают децентрализованные чаты Room-House.com конкурентоспособными с гигантами
      • Вы когда-нибудь слышали о Децентрализованном благотворительном фонде?
      • Что такое онлайн-встреча? 4 самых эффективных решения для онлайн-конференций
      • Что такое онлайн-встреча? Легко или сложно это организовать?
      • Каков стандарт профессионального онлайн-зала для встреч?
      • История первого в мире программного обеспечения для онлайн-встреч
      • Децентрализованное приложение Room-House.com (Daap)
      • В каком году родился Интернет? И рождение проекта SkyPirl
      • Сотрудничество Room-House и Российского государственного социального университета
      • Создание децентрализованного Интернета SkyPirl в космосе
      • Сбор данных — это огромная индустрия, которая работает в темноте
      • Бесплатный и простой децентрализованный Интернет, которым может пользоваться каждый.
      • Что такое Пирл (PIRL)? Пионерский проект сообщества по внедрению технологии мастернод
      • PirlGuard — инновационное решение против атак 51%
      • План кибербезопасности ETC и PirlGuard
      • Релиз мессенджера PirlChat
      • Обзор бета-версий PirlChat 0.5.1–0.6
      • Децентрализованные мессенджеры на блокчейне
      • Вышла версия мессенджера PirlChat 1.0.4
      • Что такое Pirl 2.0 и какие изменения произойдут в сети Pirl
      • Проект Pirl объявил о запуске собственной биржи
      • Мастерноды контента PIRL почти закончились: что вам нужно знать
      • Обзор мастернод PIRL и DApps
      • Децентрализованный благотворительный фонд PIRL
      • Благодаря PirlGuard Каллисто защищен от атак 51%
    • China
      • ------什么是Web 1.0、2.0、3.0?------
      • 全球首个去中心化音频聊天室Room-House
      • 去中心化音频聊天室有什么特别之处?
      • 让 Room-House.com 去中心化聊天室与巨头竞争的功能
      • 听说过去中心化慈善基金吗?
      • 什么是线上会议?4种最有效的在线会议解决方案
      • 什么是线上会议?组织起来容易还是困难?
      • 专业的网络会议室的标准是什么?
      • 世界上第一个在线会议软件的历史
      • 去中心化应用室-House.com (Daap)
      • 互联网诞生于哪一年?SkyPirl 项目的诞生
      • Room-House与俄罗斯国立社会大学合作
      • 在太空中构建 SkyPirl 去中心化互联网
      • 数据收集是一个在黑暗中运作的庞大行业
      • 免费且简单的去中心化互联网,供所有人使用
      • 什么是皮尔(PIRL)?基于社区的项目开创了引入主节点技术的先河
      • PirlGuard — 针对 51% 攻击的创新解决方案
      • ETC 和 PirlGuard 网络安全计划
      • PirlChat 即时通讯软件发布
      • PirlChat 0.5.1–0.6 Beta 版本概述
      • 去中心化区块链信使
      • PirlChat 即时通讯软件 1.0.4 版发布
      • 什么是 Pirl 2.0,Pirl 网络将发生哪些变化
      • Pirl项目宣布推出自己的交易所
      • PIRL 的内容主节点即将退出:您需要了解的内容
      • PIRL 主节点和 DApp 概述
      • PIRL 去中心化慈善基金会
      • PirlGuard – 51% 攻击防护
    • Japan
      • -------Web 1.0、2.0、3.0とは何ですか?------
      • 世界初の分散型音声チャットルーム Room-House
      • 分散型音声チャット ルームの何がそんなに特別なのでしょうか?
      • Room-House.com の分散型チャット ルームを大手企業と競争できるようにする機能
      • 分散型慈善基金について聞いたことがありますか?
      • オンライン会議とは何ですか?最も効果的な 4 つのオンライン会議ソリューション
      • オンライン会議とは何ですか?整理するのは簡単ですか、それとも難しいですか?
      • プロフェッショナルなオンライン会議室の基準は何ですか?
      • 世界初のオンライン会議ソフトウェアの歴史
      • 分散型アプリケーション Room-House.com (Daap)
      • インターネットが誕生したのは何年ですか? そしてSkyPirlプロジェクトの誕生
      • SkyPirl 分散型インターネットを宇宙に構築する
      • データ収集は暗闇で行われる巨大産業です
      • 誰もが使える無料で簡単な分散型インターネット
      • ピル(PIRL)とは何ですか?マスターノードテクノロジーの導入における先駆的なコミュニティベースのプロジェクト
      • PirlGuard — 51% 攻撃に対する革新的なソリューション
      • ETC および PirlGuard サイバーセキュリティ プラン
      • PirlChatメッセンジャーのリリース
      • PirlChat 0.5.1 ~ 0.6 ベータ版の概要
      • 分散型ブロックチェーンメッセンジャー
      • PirlChat メッセンジャー バージョン 1.0.4 がリリースされました
      • Pirl 2.0 とは何か、Pirl ネットワークにどのような変更が加えられるか
      • Pirlプロジェクトが独自の取引所の立ち上げを発表
      • PIRL のコンテンツ マスターノードが間もなく終了します: 知っておくべきこと
      • PIRL マスターノードと DApps の概要
      • PIRL 分散型慈善財団
      • PirlGuard のおかげで、Callisto は 51% の攻撃から保護されています
    • Hindi
      • ------वेब 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 क्या है?------
      • Page दुनिया का पहला विकेन्द्रीकृत ऑडियो चैट रूम रूम-हाउस
      • विकेन्द्रीकृत ऑडियो चैट रूम के बारे में क्या खास है?
      • ऐसी विशेषताएँ जो रूम-हाउस.कॉम विकेंद्रीकृत चैट रूम को दिग्गजों के साथ प्रतिस्पर्धी बनाती हैं
      • क्या आपने कभी विकेंद्रीकृत चैरिटी फंड के बारे में सुना है?
      • ऑनलाइन मीटिंग क्या है? 4 सबसे प्रभावी ऑनलाइन कॉन्फ्रेंसिंग समाधान
      • ऑनलाइन मीटिंग क्या है? क्या इसे व्यवस्थित करना आसान है या कठिन?
      • एक पेशेवर ऑनलाइन मीटिंग रूम का मानक क्या है?
      • दुनिया के पहले ऑनलाइन मीटिंग सॉफ़्टवेयर का इतिहास
      • विकेन्द्रीकृत अनुप्रयोग रूम-हाउस.कॉम (डीएएपी)
      • इंटरनेट का जन्म किस वर्ष हुआ था? और प्रोजेक्ट स्काईपिरल का जन्म
      • अंतरिक्ष में स्काईपिरल विकेन्द्रीकृत इंटरनेट का निर्माण
      • डेटा संग्रह एक बहुत बड़ा उद्योग है जो अंधेरे में काम करता है
      • हर किसी के उपयोग के लिए मुफ़्त और आसान विकेन्द्रीकृत इंटरनेट
      • पर्ल (PIRL) क्या है? समुदाय आधारित परियोजना मास्टर्नोड प्रौद्योगिकी के परिचय में अग्रणी है
      • पिरलगार्ड - 51% हमलों के खिलाफ अभिनव समाधान
      • ईटीसी और पिरलगार्ड साइबर सुरक्षा योजना
      • PirlChat मैसेंजर रिलीज़
      • PirlChat 0.5.1–0.6 बीटा संस्करणों का अवलोकन
      • विकेन्द्रीकृत ब्लॉकचेन संदेशवाहक
      • PirlChat मैसेंजर संस्करण 1.0.4 जारी किया गया
      • Pirl 2.0 क्या है और Pirl नेटवर्क में क्या बदलाव आएंगे
      • पर्ल प्रोजेक्ट ने अपने स्वयं के एक्सचेंज के लॉन्च की घोषणा की
      • पीआईआरएल के कंटेंट मास्टरनोड्स लगभग समाप्त हो चुके हैं: आपको क्या जानना चाहिए
      • पीआईआरएल मास्टरनोड्स और डीएपी अवलोकन
      • पीआईआरएल विकेंद्रीकृत चैरिटी फाउंडेशन
      • PirlGuard को धन्यवाद, कैलिस्टो 51% हमलों से सुरक्षित है
    • Charity
      • Децентрализованный благотворительный фонд PIRL
      • PIRL 去中心化慈善基金会
      • PIRL 分散型慈善財団
      • Yayasan Amal Terdesentralisasi PIRL
      • PIRL विकेंद्रीकृत चैरिटी फाउंडेशन
      • Fundación Benéfica Descentralizada PIRL
      • Pirl المؤسسة الخيرية اللامركزية
      • קרן צדקה מבוזרת של PIRL
      • PIRL 분산형 자선 재단
      • PIRL Dezentrale Wohltätigkeitsstiftung
      • Ang mga desentralisadong charity fund Pirl
      • ມູນນິທິການກຸສົນ PIRL Decentralized
      • PIRL Decentralized caritas Foundation
      • มูลนิธิ PIRL Decentralized Charity Foundation
      • PIRL төвлөрсөн бус буяны сан
      • PIRL Weqfa Xêrxwazî ​​ya Nenavendî
      • Fundacja Dobroczynności Zdecentralizowanej PIRL
      • PIRL Gedesentraliseerde Liefdadigheidstigting
      • PIRL Adɔe Fapem a Wɔde Di Dwuma wɔ Decentralized
      • Fondacioni i Decentralizuar i Bamirësisë PIRL
      • PIRL ያልተማከለ የበጎ አድራጎት ድርጅት
      • PIRL ապակենտրոնացված բարեգործական հիմնադրամ
      • PIRL Mərkəzləşdirilməmiş Xeyriyyə Fondu
      • بنیاد خیریه غیرمتمرکز PIRL
      • Pirl বিকেন্দ্রীভূত দাতব্য তহবিল
      • PIRL Ongintzazko Fundazio Deszentralizatua
      • Дэцэнтралізаваны дабрачынны фонд PIRL
      • Pirl Decentralizovani dobrotvorni fondovi
      • Fundação de Caridade Descentralizada PIRL
      • Децентрализирана благотворителна фондация PIRL
      • Fundació Solidària Descentralitzada PIRL
      • Ang Pirl Decentralized Charity Fund
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      • Decentralizirana dobrotvorna zaklada PIRL
      • Decentraliserede velgørenhedsfonde Pirl
      • PIRL detsentraliseeritud heategevusfond
      • PIRL Dɔmenyohabɔbɔ si Woɖo Ðe Dɔwɔƒewo
      • Stèidheachd Carthannais Sgaoilte PIRL
      • Fundación Benéfica Descentralizada PIRL
      • Ekitongole ky’obwannakyewa ekya PIRL Decentralized Charity Foundation
      • PIRL დეცენტრალიზებული საქველმოქმედო ფონდი
      • Fundación Caridad Descentralizada PIRL rehegua
      • PIRL વિકેન્દ્રિત ચેરિટી ફાઉન્ડેશન
      • PIRL Stichting Gedecentraliseerde Goede Doelen
      • Fondasyon Charite Desantralize PIRL
      • Gidauniyar Sadaka Mai Rarraba PIRL
      • PIRL Decentralizált Jótékonysági Alapítvány
      • Αποκεντρωμένο Φιλανθρωπικό Ίδρυμα PIRL
      • PIRL dreifð góðgerðarstofnun
      • PIRL Akwụsịghị Charity Foundation
      • Fondúireacht Carthanachta Díláraithe PIRL
      • PIRL Fondazione di beneficenza decentrata
      • PIRL ವಿಕೇಂದ್ರೀಕೃತ ಚಾರಿಟಿ ಫೌಂಡೇಶನ್
      • PIRL орталықтандырылмаған қайырымдылық қоры
      • PIRL មូលនិធិសប្បុរសធម៌វិមជ្ឈការ
      • PIRL Kwegereza abaturage ibikorwa byubugiraneza
      • PIRL Weqfa Xêrxwazî ​​ya Nenavendî
      • دامەزراوەی خێرخوازی لامەرکەزی PIRL
      • PIRL борбордон ажыратылган кайрымдуулук фонду
      • PIRL decentralizētais labdarības fonds
      • Fondation de Charité Décentralisée ya PIRL
      • PIRL decentralizuotas labdaros fondas
      • PIRL dezentraliséiert Charity Foundation
      • PIRL Децентрализирана добротворна фондација
      • PIRL Decentralized Charity Foundation
      • PIRL വികേന്ദ്രീകൃത ചാരിറ്റി ഫൗണ്ടേഷൻ
      • Fondazzjoni tal-Karità Deċentralizzata PIRL
      • PIRL Decentralized ပရဟိတဖောင်ဒေးရှင်း
      • Desentraliserte veldedige midler Pirl
      • PIRL विकेन्द्रीकृत चैरिटी फाउन्डेशन
      • PIRL Decentralized Charity Foundation
      • PIRL ବିକେନ୍ଦ୍ରୀକରଣ ଚାରିଟି ଫାଉଣ୍ଡେସନ୍ |
      • Faawundeeshinii Arjummaa Giddugaleessa Hin Qabne PIRL
      • PIRL غیر متمرکز خیریه بنسټ
      • Fondation caritative décentralisée PIRL
      • PIRL Hajautettu hyväntekeväisyyssäätiö
      • PIRL ਵਿਕੇਂਦਰੀਕ੍ਰਿਤ ਚੈਰਿਟੀ ਫਾਊਂਡੇਸ਼ਨ
      • PIRL Fundación Caridad Descentralizada nisqa
      • Fundația Descentralizată de Caritate PIRL
      • Decentralizované charitativní fondy Pirl
      • Децентрализована добротворна фондација Pirl
      • PIRL Aasaaska Samafalka ee Baahsan
      • Motheo wa Botho wo o Arotšwego wa PIRL
      • PIRL Decentralized Charity Foundation - Letlole la liphallelo
      • Yayasan Amal Desentralisasi PIRL
      • PIRL Wakfu wa Hisani uliogatuliwa
      • Фонди хайрияи ғайримарказии PIRL
      • PIRL பரவலாக்கப்பட்ட தொண்டு அறக்கட்டளை
      • PIRL వికేంద్రీకృత ఛారిటీ ఫౌండేషన్
      • PIRL Merkezi Olmayan Yardım Vakfı
      • Pirl Stiftelsen för decentraliserad välgörenhet
      • PIRL ዘይተማእከለ ግብረ ሰናይ ፋውንዴሽን
      • PIRL 去中心化慈善基金會
      • Децентралізований благодійний фонд PIRL
      • Pirl ڈی سینٹرلائزڈ چیریٹی فاؤنڈیشن
      • PIRL تارقاق خەير-ساخاۋەت فوندى
      • PIRL markazlashtirilmagan xayriya fondi
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  1. FAQ?
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  3. Development Guide

Parachain Development

PreviousBuilders Starter's GuideNextDecentralized Storage Systems

Last updated 1 year ago

Your Go-To Overview for Developing a Parachain

This guide will cover the motivation to build a parachain or parathread, the tools available to facilitate this, the steps to test, and finally, how to launch your network on Polkadot .

Why Create a Parachain?

Parachains are connected to and secured by the Relay Chain. They benefit from the pooled security, thought-through governance, and overall scalability of the heterogeneous sharding approach of the network. Creating a parachain can be seen as creating a Layer-1 blockchain, which has its own logic and runs in parallel within the Polkadot ecosystem.

Developers can focus on creating state-of-the-art chains that take advantage of Polkadot's next-generation approach. Some examples of what a parachain could be are:

  • DeFi (Decentralized Finance) Applications

  • Digital Wallets

  • IoT (Internet of Things) Applications

  • Gaming

  • Web 3.0 Infrastructure

and more.

Polkadot aims to be a bet against blockchain maximalism, where the success of Polkadot's heterogeneous multi-chain approach will play a key part in the overall advancement of Web 3.0 and decentralized systems. As a result, Polkadot’s parachain model was designed with the belief that the internet of the future will have many different types of blockchains working together.

What are the Benefits of Deploying a Parachain?

The parachain model attempts to alleviate five key build failures of present technology stacks, as described in the :

  • Scalability: How much is spent on resources and will the network be subject to bottlenecks?

  • Isolatability: Are the needs of many accounted for under the same framework?

  • Developability: Is the system tooling, system support, and overall system integrity dependable?

  • Governance: Can the network remain flexible to evolve and adapt over time? Can decisions be made with sufficient inclusivity, legitimacy, and transparency to provide effective leadership of a decentralised system?

  • Applicability: Does the technology address a burning need on its own? Is other “middleware” required to bridge the gap to actual applications?

The sharded multichain network approach allows for what is essentially parallel computation (processing power) that can process several transactions in parallel. Isolated blockchains are often faced with the network constraint of processing transactions in sequence, causing bottlenecks.

Any decentralised application or chain that wants to enable trustless messaging to other parachains already connected to Polkadot would want to become a parachain. Interoperability between sovereign chains involves certain constraints and complex protocols to enable across a wide breadth of chains.

NOTE

Despite the benefits of becoming a parachain, developers should be conscious of the challenges in becoming a parachain, and whether building a blockchain with an end goal of becoming a parachain is a viable one for their project.

As you can place your blockchain’s latest block head, you can achieve deterministic finalization for your chain. The hard part of reaching finalization for blockchains tends to be the consensus, where, in the parachain model, a blockchain can offload consensus to the overall shared network, and focus on block production. Since the validators have the Wasm runtime for all the parachains, your parachain shares the security of the validator pool with everyone on the relay chain.

Any validator in the validator pool can help validate your blockchain.

Parachains can be seen as autonomous agents; networks that act as decentralised digital nation states. Parachains have their own communities, rules, economies, governance, treasuries, and relationships with external chains. As a result, the economic policies within parachain ecosystems are subject to the developers and overall community of that parachain ecosystem; there isn't necessarily a go-to economic model a parachain should follow.

Moreover, becoming a parachain has an opportunity cost associated. Ideally, you can increase the value of the network by participating in the parachain selection process, and this should serve as a good return on investment.

  • Transaction fees collected

  • Parathread token sponsorship

    • Blocks are naturally produced when a parathread bid is less than the native token payout.

THE RELAY CHAIN CAN HOST ARBITRARY STATE MACHINES, NOT JUST BLOCKCHAINS.

The Polkadot network will encourage the connection and interoperability between different para-objects.

Here, para-objects are referring to objects on the network that operate in parallel, generally, parallelizable objects.

These could be in the form of:

Projects that are already functioning as "solochains" or in isolated environments may be interested in migrating onto Polkadot as a para-object. While the parachain model has its benefits, it may not be the go-to strategy for some projects.

As a path for migration onto Polkadot, it may be more viable to migrate to one of the chains in one of the reserved slots.

A PDK is a set of tools that allows developers to easily create a parachain. In practice, the PDK will consist of the following key components:

  • State transition function : a way for your application to move from one state to another state.

  • Collator node : a type of peer-to-peer node in the Polkadot network with certain responsibilities regarding parachains.

The state transition function (STF) can be an abstract way for an application to go from one state to another state. The only constraint that Polkadot places on this STF is that it must be easily verifiable -- usually through what we call a witness or proof. It must be so because the Relay Chain validators will need to check that each state it receives from the collator node is correct without actually running through the entire computation. Some examples of these proofs include the Proof-of-Validity blocks or zk-SNARKs, which require less computational resources to verify than they do to generate. The verification asymmetry in the proof generation of the STF is one of the integral insights that allows Polkadot to scale while keeping high-security guarantees.

GET STARTED WITH SUBSTRATE

Cumulus clouds are shaped sort of like dots; together they form an intricate system;beautiful and functional.

Cumulus Consensus is a consensus engine for Substrate that follows a Polkadot Relay Chain (i.e., parachains). This runs a Polkadot node internally, and dictates to the client and synchronization algorithms which chain to follow, finalize, and treat as correct.

INFO

Substrate and Cumulus provide a PDK from the abstraction of the blockchain format, but it is not necessary that a parachain even needs to be a blockchain. For example, a parachain just needs to satisfy the two constraints listed above: state transition function and collator node.

Everything else is up to the implementer of the PDK.

Cumulus handles the network compatibility overhead that any parachain would need to implement to be connected to Polkadot. This includes:

  • Cross-chain message passing (XCMP)

  • Out-of-the-box Collator node setup

  • An embedded full client of the Relay Chain

  • Block authorship compatibility

After creating your chain runtime logic with Substrate, you will be able to compile it down to a Wasm executable. This Wasm code blob will contain the entire state transition function of your chain, and is what you will need to deploy your project to Polkadot as either a parachain or parathread.

Validators on Polkadot will use the submitted Wasm code to validate the state transitions of your chain or thread, but doing this requires some additional infrastructure. A validator needs some way to stay up to date with the most recent state transitions, since Polkadot nodes will not be required to also be nodes of your chain.

This is where the collator node comes into play. A collator is a maintainer of your parachain and performs the critical action of producing new block candidates for your chain and passing them to Polkadot validators for inclusion in the Polkadot Relay Chain.

Substrate comes with its own networking layer built-in but unfortunately only supports solo chains (that is, chains that do not connect to the relay chain). However, there is the Cumulus extension that includes a collator node and allows for your Substrate-built logic to be compatible with Polkadot as either a parachain or parathread.

CALL TO ACTION

!drip YOUR_ROCOCO_ADDRESS

The parachains of Rococo all use the same runtime code. The only difference between them is the parachain ID used for registration with the Relay Chain.x

You will need to run a Rococo collator. To do so, you need to compile the following binary:

cargo build --release --locked -p polkadot-collator

Once the executable is built, launch collators for your parachain:

./target/release/polkadot-collator --chain $CHAIN --validator

To send a transfer between parachains, navigate to "Accounts" > "Transfer" on Polkadot-JS Apps. From here, you'll need to select the parachain node that you are running. Next, enter in the amount that you'd like to send to another parachain. Be sure to select the correct parachain you'd like to send an amount to. Once you've hit the "Submit" button, you should see a green notification, indicating a successful transfer.

Downward transfers are when an account on the Relay Chain sends a transfer to their account on a different parachain. This type of transfer uses a depository and mint model, meaning that when the DOT leave the sender's account on the Relay Chain and are transferred into an account on a parachain, the parachain mints a corresponding amount of tokens on the parachain.

For example, we can send tokens from Alice's account on the Relay Chain to her account on parachain 200. To do so, we will need to head to the "Network" > "Parachains" tab and click on the "Transfer to chain" button.

Notice here, that we can select which parachain to send the funds to, specify the amount to be sent, and add any comments or a memo for the transfer.

Upward transfers occur from a parachain to an account on the Relay Chain. To proceed with this kind of transfer, we need to be connected to a parachain node on the network and be on the "Network" > "Parachains" tab. Click on the "Transfer to chain" button.

Note that the toggle should be set to off, ensuring that the funds go to the Relay Chain and not another parachain.

Lateral transfers are only possible with at least two different registered parachains. In true XCMP, lateral transfers would allow for messages to be sent directly from one parachain to another. However, this is not yet implemented, so the Relay Chain is helping us deliver messages for the time being. Lateral transfers work through the depository model, which means that in order to transfer tokens from chain 200 to chain 300, tokens must already be owned by chain 200 deposited on chain 300. Lateral transfers are called HRMP, Horizontal Relay-Chain Message Passing.

Before we can send funds from one parachain to another, we must ensure that the chain's account on the recipient chain has some funds in it. In this example, Alice will be sending some funds from her account on parachain 200 to her account on parachain 300.

We can get that parachain account address, from our parachain 300's terminal:

2020-08-26 14:46:34 Parachain Account: 5Ec4AhNv5ArwGxtngtW8qcVgzpCAu8nokvnh6vhtvvFkJtpq

From Alice's account on the Relay Chain, she can send some amount to parachain 200's depository.

Alice is now able to send from her account on parachain 200 to her account on parachain 300.

You can also take advantage of the account functions offered on Polkadot-JS Apps to test the entire Parachain onboarding process (e.g. crowdloans, auctions, registrations).

polkadot --chain=westend-dev --alice

Then, connect your local node with Polkadot-JS Apps.

To include your parachain into the Polkadot network, you will need to acquire a parachain slot.

Parathreads will not require a parachain slot, so you will not need to engage in the candle auction mechanism. Instead, you will be able to register your parathread code to a Relay Chain for a fee and from then be able to start participating in the per-block auctions for inclusion of your state transition into a Relay Chain.

(Pooled Security)

Parachains can lease the security of the Polkadot network by bonding for a parachain slot. This means that the social costs of building a community around your project and convincing validators to participate in your network security are reduced. Polkadot has strong security, and decentralised application projects wishing to benefit from this security would want to become a parachain to share in that pooled security.

(Thought-through Governance)

Most governance systems in blockchains use an off-chain governance mechanism. Polkadot's on-chain governance encourages maximum participation of token holders and is frictionless and transparent. It also enables .

Scalability

Interoperability

With Polkadot, you will get this feature out of the box if you build your application as a parachain. The allows any parachains to communicate by passing messages between them. Furthermore, as bridges to other chains are connected (such as those to Bitcoin or Ethereum) Polkadot's parachains will be able to communicate with these as well.

On Polkadot, you are able to put your blockchain’s latest block head onto the relay chain. As a parachain, the blocks you submit are verified by validators with a Wasm runtime, which can be stored on the relay chain. You also get the ability to communicate with other parachains using the format: an abstract message passing system. Message passing is tracked on the relay chain - as such, you can prove the delivery of messages and facilitate trustless interactions.

Things to Consider

Digital nation states

Connecting digital economies

act as network maintainers and maintain a full node of a parachain. They are incentivized with a native token payout from:

Para-objects

System level chains (permanent chains): ,

Hubs

Nested Relay Chains:

Migration

For instance, there are currently options for on Kusama through the networks that have secured a slot in the latest slot auctions.

Implement a Parachain

The Parachain Implementer's Guide is a significant work in progress and maintained by Parity Tech. is built from the source located in the official .

Parachain Development Kit (PDK)

Key Components

A collator node is one of the types of network maintainers in the protocol. They are responsible for keeping availability of the state of the parachain and the new states returned from the iteration of the state transition function. They must remain online to keep track of the state and also of the XCMP messages that it will route between itself and other parachains. Collator nodes are responsible for passing the succinct proofs to the relay chain's validators and tracking the latest blocks from the relay chain. In essence, a collator node also acts as a light client for the relay chain. For more on collator nodes, see the .

What PDKs Exist?

Currently, the only PDK is and . is a blockchain framework that provides the basic building blocks of a blockchain (things like the networking layer, consensus, a Wasm interpreter) while providing an intuitive way to construct your runtime. Substrate is made to ease the process of creating a new chain, but it does not provide support for Polkadot compatibility directly. For this reason, Cumulus, an added library contains all of the Polkadot adot compatibility glue code.

The best way to get started with Substrate is to explore the , an online resource built and maintained by .

Cumulus

is an extension to Substrate that makes it easy to make any Substrate-built runtime into a Polkadot-compatible parachain.

See the for a more detailed description of Cumulus, and for those with experience in Substrate, give the a try.

Cumulus is still in development, but the idea is that it should be simple to take a Substrate chain and add the parachain code by importing the crates and adding a single line of code. Keep up-to-date with the latest Cumulus developments from the .

Are you interested in building a PDK? See the section for details.

How to set up your parachain

Future PDKs

Do you want to build a Parachain Development Kit from scratch? The Web3 Foundation is giving grants to teams who are doing this, learn more and apply on the .

One example of a PDK W3F is interested in supporting is a kit that allowed developers to create SNARK-based parachains. If we review the roll-up write-up, we see that the system uses two roles: users that update state and an operator that aggregates the state updates into a single on-chain update. It should be straightforward to see how we can translate this to the parachain terms. The state transition function for a roll-up-like parachain would be updating the state (in practice, most likely a Merkle tree, which would be easily verifiable) from the user inputs. The operator would act as the collator node, which would aggregate the state and create the zk-SNARK proof that it would hand to a Relay Chain's validators for verification.

If you or your team are interested in developing a PDK feel free to open an issue on the for comment. There may be grants available for this type of work.

Testing a Parachain

Rococo Testnet

is a testnet built for testing parachains. Rococo utilizes Cumulus and (Horizontal Relay-routed Message Passing) in order to send transfers and messages between parachains and a Relay Chain. Every message is sent to the Relay Chain, then from the Relay Chain to the desired parachain.

Rococo currently runs four test system parachains: , and . as well as several externally developed parachains.

What Parachains are on Rococo Now?

You can see the list of included parachains . A list of proposed parachains is available .

Obtaining ROC

ROC are available in the channel on Matrix. To receive ROC tokens, use the command:

Build and Register a Rococo Parathread

If you are interested in running and launching your own parathread or parachain, Parity Technologies has created a to show you how. Get stuck or need support along the way? Join the and connect with other builders there.

How to Make Cross Chain Transfers

Downward Transfers

Upward Transfers

Lateral Transfers

How to Connect to a Parachain

If you would like to connect to a parachain via , you may do so by clicking on the network selection at the top left-hand corner of the navigation and selecting any parachain of choice.

For the purpose of these following examples, we will be using the Rococo testnet "Custom Node" underneath "Development", following the .

Parachain Playground

Start a local node on by running:

Deploy

Substrate-based chains, including the Polkadot and Kusama Relay Chains, use an for their address formats. serves as the canonical registry for teams to see which chain corresponds to a given prefix, and which prefixes are available.

Parachain

Parachain slots will be sold in open auctions, the mechanics of which can be found on the page of the wiki.

Parathread

For more information on how parathread per-block auctions work, see the more detailed page.

Resources

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Polkadot Whitepaper
Shared Security
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DOT
On-Chain Governance
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forkless upgrades
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XCM format
XCM
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Para-nomics
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Collators
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leased slots
parathread pool
Bridge
Polkadot 2.0
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smart contract deployment
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The live version
Polkadot repository
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collator page
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Parity Substrate
Cumulus
Substrate
Substrate Developer Hub
Parity Technologies
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Cumulus
Cumulus overview
Cumulus tutorial
Cumulus section
future PDKs
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W3F grants page
roll-up
W3F collaboration repository
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Rococo
HRMP
Statemint
Tick
Trick
Track
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here
here
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Rococo Faucet
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Cumulus tutorial
Parachain Technical matrix chat channel
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Polkadot-JS Apps
Cumulus tutorial
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Westend
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SS58 encoding
This page
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parachain auction
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parathread
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Parachains Guide Overview
Common Good Parachains
The Launch of Parachains
Parathreads: Pay-as-you-go Parachains
Polkadot Bridges
The Path of a Parachain Block
The Path of a Parachain Block (Video)
Polkadot Parachain Slots
How to become a parachain on Polkadot (Video)
Trusted Execution Environments and the Polkadot Ecosystem