SkyPirl Blockchain
  • SkyPirl (Pirl)
    • Docs.Pirl.io
    • About SkyPirl (Pirl)
    • Mission
    • Create SkyPirl 2.0 wallet
    • Restore wallet with secret 12 phrase
    • How to be a Nominator
    • SkyPirl coin specifications
    • Run a validator
    • How to unbound fund
    • How payout works
    • How to vote for Council
    • How to set identity
    • SLASHES
    • Refund of slashed
    • COIN SPECIFICATION
    • Governance and Treasury
    • Telemetry
    • List of wallet addresses not working
    • Spend from the treasury and Burn
    • Mint coins and transfer coins to the treasury
      • Treasury2
    • Burn2
    • Source Code
    • List of wallets holding coins of burned wallets with PIRL balance at block 3939000
  • About SkyPirl (Pirl)
  • Mission
  • PIRLmeet.com
    • About PIRLmeet.com
    • Free Trial
    • CINEMA
    • Microphone On-Off
    • Screen Sharing
      • Share—or don't share your audio
      • Video recording tutorial + camera + mp4 video download
    • Hands Up
    • Change the ringtone when giving a raise of hand
    • Stream MP4 videos
    • Stream mp4 video on Firefox browser
    • Cabinet Lock
      • Cabinet Lock account
      • Normal-Demo
      • How can I cabinet lock and keep strangers from entering the room?
      • How can I add people to the room when the room is locked?
    • Text chat
      • Room chat
      • Cabinetlock Chat
      • private chat per video
    • Connect Pirl wallet to Room-House
    • Change cover photo
    • Video title name
    • Setting up you own Room-House
    • How to download videos on youtube, Facebook and convert to mp4 files
    • Use camera beautification App when livestream
    • PIRLmeet can create meetings that last 24/7 and 365 days a year.
    • How does PIRLmeet secure products?
    • Get Pirl coin when playing videos on Room-house
    • Picture
    • OBS Studio
      • Download
      • Screen sharing and front camera
      • Stream video from R-H to Youtube
      • Stream games
      • Stream Video and Record Video and download videos
      • Good quality video settings
      • Edit the frame and choose the recording frame
    • Source Code
  • Game
    • Room-House.com and games
    • Slot Machine
      • Connect the slot machine to the SkyPirl Light Wallet.
      • Connect Room-House.com to the slot machine
  • SkyPirl Light Wallet
  • PIRL Decentralized Charity Foundation
  • SkyPirl Community
  • Apps for Android and IOS (PWA)
    • Android
    • Iphone (IOS)
    • Computer-Windows-PC
  • Business Paradigm R-H
    • Use SkyPirl coin to pay in Room-House.com
  • Roadmap
  • Core Team
  • xTer . Technology
    • About xTER SafeContainer
    • xTer Ecosystem
    • xTer SkyPirl
    • xTer Room-House
      • How to Room-House
    • xTer Room-House Plus
      • How to xTer room-House plus
    • xTer TrueAD
    • xTer SmartFilter
  • White Paper
  • Blog
    • News
      • ------What is Web 1.0, 2.0, 3.0?------
      • The world's first decentralized audio chat room Room-House
      • What's so special about decentralized audio chat rooms?
      • Features that make Room-House.com decentralized chat rooms competitive with giants
      • Ever heard of Decentralized Charity Fund?
      • What is online meeting? 4 most effective online conferencing solutions
      • What is online meeting? Is it easy or difficult to organize?
      • What is the standard of a professional online meeting room?
      • History of the world's first online meeting software
      • Decentralized Application Room-House.com (Daap)
      • In what year was the internet born? And the birth of the project SkyPirl
      • Cooperation between Room-House and Russian State Social University
      • Building SkyPirl Decentralized Internet in Space
      • Data collection is a huge industry that operates in the dark
      • Free and easy decentralized internet for everyone to use
      • What is Pirl (PIRL) ? Community Based Project Pioneering in Introducing Masternode Technology
      • PirlGuard — Innovative Solution against 51% Attacks
      • ETC and PirlGuard Cybersecurity Plan
      • PirlChat messenger release
      • Overview of PirlChat 0.5.1–0.6 Beta Versions
      • Decentralized blockchain messengers
      • PirlChat messenger version 1.0.4 released
      • What is Pirl 2.0 and what changes will come to the Pirl network
      • The Pirl project announced the launch of its own exchange
      • PIRL’s Content Masternodes Are Almost Out: What You Need to Know
      • PIRL Masternodes and DApps Overview
      • PIRL Decentralized Charity Foundation - SkyPirl
      • Thanks to PirlGuard, Callisto is protected against 51% attacks
      • What is SkyPirl(PIRL) project?
      • Here is the sci-fi story of the decentralized social network PIRL:
      • What is Callisto-Pirl.com project?
      • Here is the legend of the multi-planetary decentralized internet space station PIRL:
      • PIRL decentralized social network has the following key differences:
      • The SM feature of the decentralized social network PIRL seems to be an interesting secret.
      • SkyPirl(PIRL) is designed to attract investors with attractive features:
      • SkyPirl project does not sell ICO (Initial Coin Offering) or not raise funds for the following reaso
      • Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year! SkyPirl Callisto-Pirl.com
      • SkyPirl Project Merry Christmas Story:
      • Happy New Year! SkyPirl Callisto-Pirl.com
      • Here's the story of the SkyPirl Mars Exploration Project:
      • Multiplanetary Billionaire
      • Lost in space
      • The Last Space Train
      • The future of society: Polarization of rich and poor in the 4.0 revolution
      • Callisto-Pirl.com Civil War
      • Callisto-Pirl.com Civil War 2
      • Callisto-Pirl.com Civil War 3
      • Callisto-Pirl.com Civil War 4
      • Callisto-Pirl.com Civil War 5
      • Callisto-Pirl.com Civil War 6
      • Callisto-Pirl.com Civil War 7
      • Callisto-Pirl.com Civil War 8
      • Callisto-Pirl.com Civil War 9
      • Callisto-Pirl.com Civil War 10
      • Callisto-Pirl.com Civil War 11
      • Callisto-Pirl.com Civil War 12
      • Page 6
      • Page 5
      • Page 4
      • Page 3
      • Page 2
      • Page 1
      • Page
    • Technical
      • What is Bitcoin? How are Bitcoins created?
      • Export Your Private Key from Third-Party Wallets
      • What Is a Stablecoin?
      • What Is Wrapped Bitcoin?
      • 7 Ways to Generate Passive Income With Crypto
      • What is a decentralized social network?
      • How many Bitcoins can be mined in a day?
      • How many Bitcoins are there in the world?
      • What is a decentralized exchange? different from centralized floor?
      • What is Staking? 5 things to note when investing in Staking
      • What Are Blockchain Bridges?
      • Compare Hot Wallet and Cold Wallet, which one should you use?
      • What is NFT?
      • Building a Decentralized Internet in Space
      • Web 3.0 Paradox
      • Controversy about the future of the Internet
      • The metaverse virtual universe could revolutionize the Internet
      • 'Blockchain is the most influential technology since the Internet'
      • Web3 - Expectations for the Decentralized Internet
      • What is Dapp? The concept of Dapp and their classification
      • How Decentralized Web Browsers Give You Unsurpassed Privacy
      • Is Web 3.0 being hyped?
      • What are Nodes? Types of Nodes in Blockchain
      • Blockchain can be hacked or not?
      • What is Private Key and Public Key in Bitcoin?
      • What is a Nonce in Blockchain?
      • What is Decentralized Autonomous Cooperative (DAC)?
      • What is Genesis Block?
      • What is Web3? Explaining the Decentralized Internet of the Future
      • Z-Consensus CLO
      • DEX223 Explanation
      • CLOIP
        • CLOIP-1
        • CLOIP-2
        • CLOIP-3
        • CLOIP-4
      • Skuld Hard Fork: Transforming Callisto Network with Dynamic Monetary Policy
      • Dex223 ICO
      • CoinSavi là gì?
      • SLOFI Token
    • Pi NetWork
      • Pi NetWork ( English )
        • Pi Network (PI) Mining Step by Step Guide
        • How to Create a Pi Wallet
        • How to KYC Pi Network 100% Success (2023)
        • Pi Network Security Circle: How to Add Users to Security Circle?
        • How to Migrate Your Mining Pi Coin to Mainnet in 8 Steps (See Video)
        • Why Pi Network can become the most active existence of mobile smart cryptocurrency?
        • FAQ? (FAQ)
      • Pi NetWork ( Tiếng Việt)
        • Pi NetWork là gì?
        • Cách KYC Pi Network 100% thành công (2023)
        • Vòng tròn bảo mật là gì?
        • Hướng dẫn tạo ví Pi Network
        • Cách Đào Pi Trên Điện Thoại
        • Cài đặt tên như thế nào là đúng trong Pi Network
        • Bạn cần xác nhận ngay VÍ PI THẬT để chuẩn bị chuyển SỐ PI XỊN vào ví pi sau khi hoàn thành KYC.
        • Hướng dẫn cách rút chuyển Pi về Ví Mainnet
        • Cách tăng tốc độ Đào Pi Network
        • Tại sao Pi Network có thể trở thành sự tồn tại tích cực nhất của tiền điện tử thông minh di động?
        • Hỏi đáp (FAQ)
    • Việt Nam
      • Pirl (PIRL) Là Gì ? Dự Án Dựa Trên Cộng Đồng Đi Tiên Phong Trong Việc Giới Thiệu Công Nghệ Masternod
      • Giới thiệu về SkyPirl (Pirl)
      • Sứ Mệnh Pirl2.0
      • Phần mềm Room-House.com là gì
      • Giới thiệu về Room-House.com
      • Room-House có thể tạo các cuộc họp kéo dài 24/7 và 365 ngày một năm.
      • Room-House.com bảo mật sản phẩm như thế nào?
      • Giới thiệu về xTER SafeContainer
      • Kế hoạch an ninh mạng của ETC và PirlGuard
      • Quỹ từ thiện phi tập trung Pirl
      • Phát hành trình nhắn tin PirlChat
      • Tổng quan về các phiên bản Beta của PirlChat 0.5.1–0.6
      • Trình nhắn tin chuỗi khối phi tập trung
      • PirlChat messenger phiên bản 1.0.4 được phát hành
      • Pirl 2.0 là gì và những thay đổi nào sẽ đến với mạng Pirl
      • Dự án Pirl đã công bố ra mắt sàn giao dịch của riêng mình
      • Masternode nội dung của PIRL sắp hết: Những điều bạn cần biết
      • Tổng quan về PIRL Masternodes và DApps
      • Xây dựng Internet phi tập trung SkyPirl trong không gian
      • Nhờ PirlGuard, Callisto được bảo vệ chống lại các cuộc tấn công 51%
    • Russia
      • ------Что такое Web 1.0, 2.0, 3.0?------
      • Первый в мире децентрализованный аудиочат Room-House
      • Что такого особенного в децентрализованных аудиочатах?
      • Функции, которые делают децентрализованные чаты Room-House.com конкурентоспособными с гигантами
      • Вы когда-нибудь слышали о Децентрализованном благотворительном фонде?
      • Что такое онлайн-встреча? 4 самых эффективных решения для онлайн-конференций
      • Что такое онлайн-встреча? Легко или сложно это организовать?
      • Каков стандарт профессионального онлайн-зала для встреч?
      • История первого в мире программного обеспечения для онлайн-встреч
      • Децентрализованное приложение Room-House.com (Daap)
      • В каком году родился Интернет? И рождение проекта SkyPirl
      • Сотрудничество Room-House и Российского государственного социального университета
      • Создание децентрализованного Интернета SkyPirl в космосе
      • Сбор данных — это огромная индустрия, которая работает в темноте
      • Бесплатный и простой децентрализованный Интернет, которым может пользоваться каждый.
      • Что такое Пирл (PIRL)? Пионерский проект сообщества по внедрению технологии мастернод
      • PirlGuard — инновационное решение против атак 51%
      • План кибербезопасности ETC и PirlGuard
      • Релиз мессенджера PirlChat
      • Обзор бета-версий PirlChat 0.5.1–0.6
      • Децентрализованные мессенджеры на блокчейне
      • Вышла версия мессенджера PirlChat 1.0.4
      • Что такое Pirl 2.0 и какие изменения произойдут в сети Pirl
      • Проект Pirl объявил о запуске собственной биржи
      • Мастерноды контента PIRL почти закончились: что вам нужно знать
      • Обзор мастернод PIRL и DApps
      • Децентрализованный благотворительный фонд PIRL
      • Благодаря PirlGuard Каллисто защищен от атак 51%
    • China
      • ------什么是Web 1.0、2.0、3.0?------
      • 全球首个去中心化音频聊天室Room-House
      • 去中心化音频聊天室有什么特别之处?
      • 让 Room-House.com 去中心化聊天室与巨头竞争的功能
      • 听说过去中心化慈善基金吗?
      • 什么是线上会议?4种最有效的在线会议解决方案
      • 什么是线上会议?组织起来容易还是困难?
      • 专业的网络会议室的标准是什么?
      • 世界上第一个在线会议软件的历史
      • 去中心化应用室-House.com (Daap)
      • 互联网诞生于哪一年?SkyPirl 项目的诞生
      • Room-House与俄罗斯国立社会大学合作
      • 在太空中构建 SkyPirl 去中心化互联网
      • 数据收集是一个在黑暗中运作的庞大行业
      • 免费且简单的去中心化互联网,供所有人使用
      • 什么是皮尔(PIRL)?基于社区的项目开创了引入主节点技术的先河
      • PirlGuard — 针对 51% 攻击的创新解决方案
      • ETC 和 PirlGuard 网络安全计划
      • PirlChat 即时通讯软件发布
      • PirlChat 0.5.1–0.6 Beta 版本概述
      • 去中心化区块链信使
      • PirlChat 即时通讯软件 1.0.4 版发布
      • 什么是 Pirl 2.0,Pirl 网络将发生哪些变化
      • Pirl项目宣布推出自己的交易所
      • PIRL 的内容主节点即将退出:您需要了解的内容
      • PIRL 主节点和 DApp 概述
      • PIRL 去中心化慈善基金会
      • PirlGuard – 51% 攻击防护
    • Japan
      • -------Web 1.0、2.0、3.0とは何ですか?------
      • 世界初の分散型音声チャットルーム Room-House
      • 分散型音声チャット ルームの何がそんなに特別なのでしょうか?
      • Room-House.com の分散型チャット ルームを大手企業と競争できるようにする機能
      • 分散型慈善基金について聞いたことがありますか?
      • オンライン会議とは何ですか?最も効果的な 4 つのオンライン会議ソリューション
      • オンライン会議とは何ですか?整理するのは簡単ですか、それとも難しいですか?
      • プロフェッショナルなオンライン会議室の基準は何ですか?
      • 世界初のオンライン会議ソフトウェアの歴史
      • 分散型アプリケーション Room-House.com (Daap)
      • インターネットが誕生したのは何年ですか? そしてSkyPirlプロジェクトの誕生
      • SkyPirl 分散型インターネットを宇宙に構築する
      • データ収集は暗闇で行われる巨大産業です
      • 誰もが使える無料で簡単な分散型インターネット
      • ピル(PIRL)とは何ですか?マスターノードテクノロジーの導入における先駆的なコミュニティベースのプロジェクト
      • PirlGuard — 51% 攻撃に対する革新的なソリューション
      • ETC および PirlGuard サイバーセキュリティ プラン
      • PirlChatメッセンジャーのリリース
      • PirlChat 0.5.1 ~ 0.6 ベータ版の概要
      • 分散型ブロックチェーンメッセンジャー
      • PirlChat メッセンジャー バージョン 1.0.4 がリリースされました
      • Pirl 2.0 とは何か、Pirl ネットワークにどのような変更が加えられるか
      • Pirlプロジェクトが独自の取引所の立ち上げを発表
      • PIRL のコンテンツ マスターノードが間もなく終了します: 知っておくべきこと
      • PIRL マスターノードと DApps の概要
      • PIRL 分散型慈善財団
      • PirlGuard のおかげで、Callisto は 51% の攻撃から保護されています
    • Hindi
      • ------वेब 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 क्या है?------
      • Page दुनिया का पहला विकेन्द्रीकृत ऑडियो चैट रूम रूम-हाउस
      • विकेन्द्रीकृत ऑडियो चैट रूम के बारे में क्या खास है?
      • ऐसी विशेषताएँ जो रूम-हाउस.कॉम विकेंद्रीकृत चैट रूम को दिग्गजों के साथ प्रतिस्पर्धी बनाती हैं
      • क्या आपने कभी विकेंद्रीकृत चैरिटी फंड के बारे में सुना है?
      • ऑनलाइन मीटिंग क्या है? 4 सबसे प्रभावी ऑनलाइन कॉन्फ्रेंसिंग समाधान
      • ऑनलाइन मीटिंग क्या है? क्या इसे व्यवस्थित करना आसान है या कठिन?
      • एक पेशेवर ऑनलाइन मीटिंग रूम का मानक क्या है?
      • दुनिया के पहले ऑनलाइन मीटिंग सॉफ़्टवेयर का इतिहास
      • विकेन्द्रीकृत अनुप्रयोग रूम-हाउस.कॉम (डीएएपी)
      • इंटरनेट का जन्म किस वर्ष हुआ था? और प्रोजेक्ट स्काईपिरल का जन्म
      • अंतरिक्ष में स्काईपिरल विकेन्द्रीकृत इंटरनेट का निर्माण
      • डेटा संग्रह एक बहुत बड़ा उद्योग है जो अंधेरे में काम करता है
      • हर किसी के उपयोग के लिए मुफ़्त और आसान विकेन्द्रीकृत इंटरनेट
      • पर्ल (PIRL) क्या है? समुदाय आधारित परियोजना मास्टर्नोड प्रौद्योगिकी के परिचय में अग्रणी है
      • पिरलगार्ड - 51% हमलों के खिलाफ अभिनव समाधान
      • ईटीसी और पिरलगार्ड साइबर सुरक्षा योजना
      • PirlChat मैसेंजर रिलीज़
      • PirlChat 0.5.1–0.6 बीटा संस्करणों का अवलोकन
      • विकेन्द्रीकृत ब्लॉकचेन संदेशवाहक
      • PirlChat मैसेंजर संस्करण 1.0.4 जारी किया गया
      • Pirl 2.0 क्या है और Pirl नेटवर्क में क्या बदलाव आएंगे
      • पर्ल प्रोजेक्ट ने अपने स्वयं के एक्सचेंज के लॉन्च की घोषणा की
      • पीआईआरएल के कंटेंट मास्टरनोड्स लगभग समाप्त हो चुके हैं: आपको क्या जानना चाहिए
      • पीआईआरएल मास्टरनोड्स और डीएपी अवलोकन
      • पीआईआरएल विकेंद्रीकृत चैरिटी फाउंडेशन
      • PirlGuard को धन्यवाद, कैलिस्टो 51% हमलों से सुरक्षित है
    • Charity
      • Децентрализованный благотворительный фонд PIRL
      • PIRL 去中心化慈善基金会
      • PIRL 分散型慈善財団
      • Yayasan Amal Terdesentralisasi PIRL
      • PIRL विकेंद्रीकृत चैरिटी फाउंडेशन
      • Fundación Benéfica Descentralizada PIRL
      • Pirl المؤسسة الخيرية اللامركزية
      • קרן צדקה מבוזרת של PIRL
      • PIRL 분산형 자선 재단
      • PIRL Dezentrale Wohltätigkeitsstiftung
      • Ang mga desentralisadong charity fund Pirl
      • ມູນນິທິການກຸສົນ PIRL Decentralized
      • PIRL Decentralized caritas Foundation
      • มูลนิธิ PIRL Decentralized Charity Foundation
      • PIRL төвлөрсөн бус буяны сан
      • PIRL Weqfa Xêrxwazî ​​ya Nenavendî
      • Fundacja Dobroczynności Zdecentralizowanej PIRL
      • PIRL Gedesentraliseerde Liefdadigheidstigting
      • PIRL Adɔe Fapem a Wɔde Di Dwuma wɔ Decentralized
      • Fondacioni i Decentralizuar i Bamirësisë PIRL
      • PIRL ያልተማከለ የበጎ አድራጎት ድርጅት
      • PIRL ապակենտրոնացված բարեգործական հիմնադրամ
      • PIRL Mərkəzləşdirilməmiş Xeyriyyə Fondu
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On this page
  • Overview of XCM: A Format, Not a Protocol​
  • Cross-Consensus Protocols​
  • XCVM (Cross-Consensus Virtual Machine)​
  • How To Make Cross-Chain Transfers​
  • Resources​
  1. FAQ?
  2. Learn
  3. Advanced

Cross-Consensus Message Format (XCM)

PreviousAvailability and ValidityNextSequential Phragmén Method

Last updated 1 year ago

What started as an approach to cross-chain communication, has evolved into a format for Cross-Consensus Communication that is not only conducted between chains, but also smart contracts, pallets, bridges, and even sharded enclaves like .

Overview of XCM: A Format, Not a Protocol

XCM is related to cross-chain in the same way that REST is related RESTful. XCM cannot actually send messages between systems. It is a format for how message transfer should be performed, similar to how RESTful services use REST as an architectural style of deployment.

XCM aims to be a language communicating ideas between consensus systems, hence, "Cross-Consensus" with the following properties:

  • Generic and extensible for use with fee-free and gas-metered smart contract platforms, community parachains, trusted interactions between system parachains and their relay chain, and more.

  • Interacting with a system whose transaction format is unknown.

    • XCM is well-versioned, abstract and general and can be used as a means of providing a long-lasting transaction format for wallets to use to create many common transactions. It is extensible and, in turn, future-proof and forwards-compatible.

  • Highly efficient to operate in a tightly constrained and metered environment, as is the case with many chains.

INFO

XCM is not designed in that every system supporting the format is expected to be able to interpret any possible XCM message. Practically speaking, one can imagine that some messages will not have reasonable interpretations under some systems or will be intentionally unsupported.

Example Use-Cases

  • Request for specific operations to occur on the recipient system.

  • Optionally include payment of fees on a target network for requested operation.

  • Provide methods for various token transfer models:

    • Remote Transfers: control an account on a remote chain, allowing the local chain to have an address on the remote chain for receiving funds and to eventually transfer those funds it controls into other accounts on that remote chain.

    • Teleporting: movement of an asset happens by destroying it on one side and creating a clone on the other side.

    • Reverse-Based Transfer: there may be two chains that want to nominate a third chain, where one includes a native asset that can be used as a reserve for that asset. Then, the derivative form of the asset on each of those chains would be fully backed, allowing the derivative asset to be exchanged for the underlying asset on the reserve chain backing it.

XCM Tech Stack

XCM can be used to express the meaning of the messages over each of these three communication channels.

With the XCM format established, common patterns for protocols these messages are needed. Polkadot implements two for acting on XCM messages between its constituent parachains.

There are two kinds of vertical message-passing transport protocols:

  • UMP (Upward Message Passing): allows parachains to send messages to their relay chain.

  • DMP (Downward Message Passing): allows the relay chain to pass messages down to one of their parachains.

Messages that are passed via DMP may originate from a parachain. In which case, first UMP is used to communicate the message to the Relay Chain and DMP is used to move it down to another parachain.

XCMP allows the parachains to exchange messages with other parachains on the same Relay Chain.

Cross-chain transactions are resolved using a simple queuing mechanism based around a Merkle tree to ensure fidelity. It is the task of the Relay Chain validators to move transactions on the output queue of one parachain into the input queue of the destination parachain. However, only the associated metadata is stored as a hash in the Relay Chain storage.

The input and output queue are sometimes referred to in the Polkadot codebase and associated documentation as ingress and egress messages, respectively.

While XCMP is still being implemented, a stop-gap protocol (see definition below) known as Horizontal Relay-routed Message Passing (HRMP) exists in its place. HRMP has the same interface and functionality as XCMP but is much more demanding on resources since it stores all messages in the Relay Chain storage. When XCMP has been implemented, HRMP is planned to be deprecated and phased out in favor of it.

NOTE

A stop-gap protocol is a temporary substitute for the functionality that is not fully complete. While XCMP proper is still in development, HRMP is a working replacement.

XCMP IS CURRENTLY UNDER DEVELOPMENT AND THE DETAILS ARE SUBJECT TO CHANGE

However, this overall architecture and design decisions are more stable:

  • Cross-chain messages will not be delivered to the Relay Chain.

  • Cross-chain messages will be constrained to a maximum size in bytes.

  • Parachains are allowed to block messages from other parachains, in which case the dispatching parachain would be aware of this block.

  • Collator nodes are responsible for routing messages between chains.

  • Collators produce a list of egress messages and will receive the ingress messages from other parachains.

  • On each block, parachains are expected to route messages from some subset of all other parachains.

  • When a collator produces a new block to hand off to a validator, it will collect the latest ingress queue information and process it.

  • Validators will check the proof that the new candidate for the next parachain block includes the processing of the expected ingress messages to that parachain.

XCMP queues must be initiated by first opening a channel between two parachains. The channel is identified by both the sender and recipient parachains, meaning that it's a one-way channel. A pair of parachains can have at most two channels between them, one for sending messages to the other chain and another for receiving messages. The channel will require a deposit in DOT to be opened, which will get returned when the channel is closed.

A smart contract that exists on parachain A will route a message to parachain B in which another smart contract is called that makes a transfer of some assets within that chain.

Charlie executes the smart contract on parachain A, which initiates a new cross-chain message for the destination of a smart contract on parachain B.

The collator node of parachain A will place this new cross-chain message into its outbound messages queue, along with a destination and a timestamp.

The collator node of parachain B routinely pings all other collator nodes asking for new messages (filtering by the destination field). When the collator of parachain B makes its next ping, it will see this new message on parachain A and add it into its own inbound queue for processing into the next block.

Validators for parachain A will also read the outbound queue and know the message. Validators for parachain B will do the same. This is so that they will be able to verify the message transmission happened.

When the collator of parachain B is building the next block in its chain, it will process the new message in its inbound queue as well as any other messages it may have found/received.

During processing, the message will execute the smart contract on parachain B and complete the asset transfer as intended.

The collator now hands this block to the validator, which itself will verify that this message was processed. If the message was processed and all other aspects of the block are valid, the validator will include this block for parachain B into the Relay Chain.

Check out our animated video below that explores how XCMP

An ultra-high level non-Turing-complete computer whose instructions are designed in a way to be roughly at the same level as transactions.

Cross-Consensus Protocols

VMP (Vertical Message Passing)

XCMP (Cross-Chain Message Passing)

XCMP-Lite (HRMP)

XCMP Design

XCMP Message Format

For an updated and complete description of the XCMP message format please see the .

The Anatomy of an XCMP Interaction

XCVM (Cross-Consensus Virtual Machine)

A message in XCM is simply just a programme that runs on the XCVM: in other words, one or more XCM instructions. To learn more about the XCVM and the XCM Format, see the latest by Dr. Gavin Wood.

How To Make Cross-Chain Transfers

A tutorial on downward, upward, and lateral transfers can be found .

Resources

- Detailed blog post by Dr. Gavin Wood about the XCM Format.

- Description of the high-level XCM format sent via XCMP.

- Full technical description of cross-chain communication on the Web3 Foundation research wiki.

- An overview of the messaging schemes from the Parachain Implementor's guide.

SPREE
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xcm-format repository on GitHub
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https://storage.googleapis.com/w3f-tech-ed-contents/XCMP.mp4
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blog post
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here
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XCM: The Cross-Consensus Message Format
XCM Format
XCMP Scheme
Messaging Overview